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This Module provides a general introduction to the world of hydraulics / pneumatics and the physics involved with it. It also looks at various hydraulic / pneumatic mediums and their characteristics. What you will learn What is Hydraulic - Pneumatic Force - Pressure - Work and Power Transmission of Hydraulic - Pneumatic Force and Energy Mediums Used to Transmit Hydraulic - Pneumatic Force and Energy. Hydraulics has been defined as a study of the physical behavior of water at rest and in motion. This term has broadened in meaning to include the physical behavior of all liquids. This includes the oils used in present day hydraulic systems. Hydraulics is also referred to as “Power Hydraulics” or “Fluid Power”. Fluid power is used in practically every industrial sector. It is also found in everyday uses such as machine tools, cars, airplanes, satellites, or a bread making machine. The reason for this widespread use is that a fluid is one of the most versatile means of transmitting power and modifying motions. A liquid fluid is infinitely flexible, yet as unyielding as steel. A liquid is virtually non-compressible. No other medium combines the same degree of positive, accurate, flexible control with the ability to transmit a maximum of power in a minimum of bulk and weight. Unlike mechanical power, fluid power eliminates cams, levers, gears and other drive mechanisms that lose energy through friction. Pneumatics is similar to hydraulics. The difference is that pneumatics refers to pressurized air (compressed air) or other gases, instead of liquids, as in hydraulics. The main difference between a fluid and a gas is the fact that a gas is compressible and a liquid is considered to be virtually non-compressible. By definition a fluid is a substance that will flow and conform to the shape of its container. This means that liquids and gases are considered fluids. Any reference in this curriculum to fluids could include hydraulic liquid media or compressed air or gas.

Tags : liquids and gases, power hydraulics, drive mechanisms, physical behavior, manual content, fluid power, hydraulic systems, flexible control, pneumatics, mechanical power, industrial sector, general introduction, power transmission, machine tools, levers

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