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At present, most commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) receivers perform the majority of signal processing using analog circuitry, while the onboard microcontroller is used merely to perform simple tasks such as computing coordinate conversions or controlling the display. The objective of this project is to eliminate the majority of the analog circuitry and design and implement the signal processing stages of a GPS receiver using software in order to reduce overall cost, increase portability between applications, and make the device even smaller. hile the hardware cannot be completely eliminated, it shall be reduced to a high-speed sampling device consisting of a downconverter and A/D converter. The sampled data shall then be processed by a DSP kit simulating a microcontroller implementation. HigHigh-Level Block Diagram Figure 1, below, shows the high-level block diagram for the project. The GPS L1 signal shall be received through an active GPS antenna. After the antenna stage, the SE4110L chipset shall be used to sample and down-convert the signal. A DSP kit shall then perform software processing and display the results. Antenna Stage Active GPS antennas are available from a variety of manufacturers and include at a minimum a low-noise amplifier and a bandpass filter. An active antenna is necessary due to the low transmit power of GPS satellites and the degradation and attenuation of the signal as it travels through the atmosphere. A Spectrum Digital DSP Development System shall be used for signal processing. The development board is based on a TI C6000 DSP, which is capable of hardware floating-point operations. The DSP is clocked at 225 MHz, which should provide adequate processing power for most of the software operations and hardware interfacing. The position error is determined with respect to the sampling rate. The sampling rate is 4.092 MHz, which is four times the chipping rate. Therefore, the distance to a single satellite can be determined to within ΒΌ of the distance related to 1 chip.
Tags : low noise amplifier, microcontroller implementation, analog circuitry, dsp development, gps antennas, active antenna, sampling device, spectrum digital, gps antenna, gps satellites, sampling rate, gps l1, downconverter, position error, receiver design
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