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This document describes the PCB production process in general and also presents a case study. There are several basic steps involved in producing a printed circuit board (PCB). Most designs begin with a hand drawn schematic and design plan. With these, the circuit is prototyped and tested to verify that the design works correctly. The major steps in the PCB design and fabrication process are as follows: 1. design and test the prototype circuit— by hand; 2. capture the circuit’s schematic— using OrCAD Capture or similar software; 3. perform the physical layout of the circuit— using OrCAD Layout or similar software; 4. fabricate, populate and test the PCB— done by ECE shop personnel or similar personnel. With a basic idea in mind, a circuit schematic is developed and analyzed to ensure the desired functionality and performance. When creating a circuit for PCB production, a designer would also select specific components at this time. In the case of the example optosensor circuit (see Fig. 2), a rough sketched schematic was initially created, along with some design specifications. The necessary components were chosen and the circuit was built on a prototyping board to verify that it met the design criteria. Physical Layout, In Layout the footprints of the various parts are placed and then routed. Routing refers to defining where the copper interconnects in the circuit will be located. Interconnects are copper paths on the surface of the PCB that connect one pin to another. Interconnects are also known as “routes” or “traces”.
Tags : pcb design and fabrication, pcb production, prototype circuit, prototyping board, physical layout, connect one, necessary components, interconnects, design criteria, footprints, case study, copper, traces, functionality
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