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A microcontroller is an entire computer manufactured on a single chip. Microcontrollers are usually dedicated devices embedded within an application. The I/O, memory, and on-chip peripherals of a microcontroller are selected depending on the specifics of the target application. Since microcontrollers are powerful digital processors, the degree of control and programmability they provide significantly enhances the effectiveness of the application. The architecture of the 8051 family of microcontrollers is referred to as the MCS-51 architecture, or sometimes simply as MCS-51. These may be separate blocks of memory, so that up to 128K of memory can be attached to the microcontroller. Separate blocks of code and data memory are referred to as the Harvard architecture. The advantage of the Harvard architecture is not simply doubling the memory capacity of the microcontroller. Separating program and data increases the reliability of the microcontroller, since there are no instructions to write to the program memory. Pinout of the 8051 Microcontroller (NC stands for No Connection). If the program fits into the on-chip ROM and if the internal RAM is sufficient, the MCS-51 family of microcontrollers requires no additional logic to implement a complete controller system. The following discusses the 8051 in detail. The Block Diagram of the 8051 Microcontroller.

Tags : harvard architecture, target application, digital processors, microcontroller programming, program memory, memory capacity, internal ram, controller system, microcontrollers, programming in c, specifics, peripherals, 8051 microcontroller, reliability, logic

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