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Water marking is one of several techniques available today to deter copyright infringement in electronic systems. The technique consists of implanting indelible stamps in the circuit’s inner structure, while not disrupting its functionality or significantly degrading its performance. With the introduction of large-scale system-on-chip (SOC) design paradigms, the VLSI semiconductor industry is undergoing a revolution. As a consequence, a significant increase in operating speeds and design productivity is expected. Circuit components will be available to integrators in electronic form rather than in silicon. There exist three basic types of virtual component, based on its characterization through (a) behavioral description (soft IP), (b) structural description (firm IP), and (c) physical description (hard IP). Several authors have proposed to use other design constraints to implant watermarks. In [8] fixed placement and delay constraints implemented the watermark. The goal is to improve the robustness of the approach and to allow quick and accurate tracking of the last licensee, who ultimately caused the infringement. In this paper we will describe a consistent strategy for incorporating watermarks in an electronic circuit at all abstraction levels, i.e. in all phases of a design flow. The authentication of the generated IO signature can be achieved by registering the key of a specific design in a third party database, similarly as in copyright and trademark registration. Watermarking Physical Implementations, Let us describe the particular mapping used in this paper to generate design signatures from given physical implementation of a circuit. The same technique can be used to implant an arbitrary signature in terms of an extraneous active or inactive circuit.

Tags : electronic circuit design, design paradigms, delay constraints, abstraction levels, design constraints, design productivity, physical implementation, behavioral description, semiconductor industry, virtual component, soft ip, consistent strategy, party database, circuit components, inner structure
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